Weinberg on Systems Thinking
March 24, 2008 | 7:39 pmA week ago I completed “An Introduction to General Systems Thinking” by Gerald Weinberg. What a book!
During Christmas I read the novel “The Aremac Project” by the same author. That book is a sci-fi thriller about two software developers. Since Gerald Weinberg is a consultant in the computer industry, I became curious about it and bought it. It was well written and exciting with all the details interestingly and correctly described. Anyway I sensed he was a good writer with depth and I wanted to read more. I am constantly hunting for books and resources that are food for thought, about software development, project management or life in general. Finding a good book is like finding a treasure. The past year systems thinking and lean thinking have been on my mind. So all this lead me to “An Introduction to General Systems Thinking”.
What is systems thinking? Wikipedia says:
“Systems thinking is a framework that is based on the belief that the component parts of a system will act differently when the systems relationships are removed and it is viewed in isolation. The only way to fully understand why a problem or element occurs and persists is to understand the part in relation to the whole. Standing in contrast to Descartes’, scientific reductionism and philosophical analysis, it proposes to view systems in a holistic manner. Consistent with systems philosophy, systems thinking concerns an understanding of a system by examining the linkages and interactions between the elements that comprise the entirety of the system.”
We have concentrated on and optimized components and forgotten the interaction between them, perhaps because of the complexities involved. We have exaggerated the apparent independence of the parts of a system. Science has been very successful, but the consequences or side effects as seen today are scaring. Look at the effects on nature for example. Systems thinking study the process of defining models and making assumptions to find the optimum necessary ingredients in a systems model for a specific purpose that is possible to handle and solve.
The book was originally published in 1975 and has been reprinted many times. It has become a classic. Weinberg uses clear writing and basic algebraic principles to explore new approaches to projects, products, organizations, and all kinds of system. He unravels the scientific defining of systems and the assumptions and simplifications made. Weinberg discusses the science of mechanics and the science of large populations and how the underlying philosophies and the simplifications made have been used inappropriately for systems that should have been handled in a different way.
The book requires some concentration and energy to read, but is indeed food for thought. To me, systems thinking really improves my thinking as a project manager, application developer, general problems solver and as someone who cares for the environmental issues and for people around me.











Anders, thanks for the essay–very clear and concise. I find it interesting, over the years, how musicians, of all people, seem to have the best intuitive understand of systems thinking. I have some ideas on the subject, but I’d love to read your thoughts. Do you find it to be so? Do you have a model of why it is so?
(And thanks for your kind remarks about my books.)
Hi Gerald
Thanks for your comment! That’s a very interesting issue – musicians and systems thinking. I have worked as a software developer for some twenty years, but I can say that playing music, which for me started eight years ago, has influenced my thinking much. Since I have always been interested in the process of learning and thinking, reflecting over music activities was natural and gave me new insights.
I would very much like to discuss this. I will post my thoughts in a few days.
Thanks
Anders
[...] Weinberg posted a comment about musicians and systems thinking recently. Here are my thoughts about this [...]
Anders, first, you have a wondefull site. i intend to explore it.
while developing a new career as a org. consultant (after >30 years in hi-tech) i found system thinking (organisational oriented) very fascinating. being a music crazy i though of the connection between the two (basically oyu can find ST connected to anything because everything we want it to be a system – is a system!). but my focus is not on the people who are doing music but on the music structure. i am starting to think of musical constrcut as built of systemic archetypes (mentioned in P. Senge’s fifth discipline). i havn’t it still clear in my mind but using my imagination i can identify structures like balancing processes, limits to growth (the beginning of beethoven’s fifth comes to mind), shifting the burden among groups of instruments within a piece and others.
i am buidling my ST expertise and i would like to teach it to managers and just recently it struck my head to use music to demonstrate the underline mechnisms.
what do you think? do you have any usefull resources for such ideas?
thanks, Daniel Ofek
Hi Daniel and thanks for your interesting comment!
As you will find in my posts, I believe that we can find many interesting parallels between music and systems thinking. It is even more obvious when you play (or sing) yourself. Do you play an instrument yourself?
/Anders
Thanks for the great tips.